Wednesday, August 29

School related vocab (Intermediate)

It's close to the beginning of a new school year again! So I'm going to teach you some words about school:

If someone is a know-it-all, they know everything! For example, Hermione Granger in Harry Potter would be called a know-it-all at school. And usually a know-it-all will show off (exhibit they know something really well) about their knowledge!

A Mock exam is a practice exam, so it's not the really exam. You usually get a past paper (an exam paper from the last year or before) when you sit (do) a mock exam. Curing exam times, it is always nice if someone comes through for you, which means they support you through the difficulties.

Remember to proofread (read again) your essay when you finish, and make sure you have put across (express) your idea clearly.

To know something backwards to forwards means you have learned something really well.

To have learned something off by heart means you have memorised it.

Robbie Elden

Found this websites with loads of idiom tests: http://a4esl.org/q/h/idioms.html

Can, Be able to (Intermediate)

The difference between Can and Be able to?
Can and Be able to both express an ability or possibility

Can (past tense: could) is only used in the present tense or the past tense; Be able to can be used for all tenses. This is because "can" and "could" are modal auxiliary verbs; therefore they can only be used in the present or past tense.

Note that could does not represent the past, it can show a general ability to do something: He could swim (It means he can swim now, not in the past!)
"Could" is used in a similar way to "may" to show courtesy: Could I have a cup of coffee? Sure, you can!
"Could" can also be used to show uncertainty: He couldn't do that bad in the exam.

"Be able to" can be used in the past tense "was/were able to" to show successfully accomplished something: He was able to phone him in the end = He managed to phone him in the end.

Can/Could have no infinitive form, so you can use "to be able to" instead.

In the negative, wasn't/weren't or couldn't are both correct.

Robbie Elden

Sunday, August 26

If only, only if (Advanced)

What is the difference between if only and only if?

If only is used to used to express a wish with reference to present or future time. Examples: If only I
were clever (Notice the subjunctive "were" used here). If only there would be more comments on this blog( Meaning it would be nice to have more comments from readers!)

If only can also be used to express a wish that past events had been different. Examples: If only I had been at the doctor's earlier. If only he had studied harder, he wouldn't have to
drop out of school (an expression meaning he left school).

Only if, when used at the beginning of a sentence, making the verb in the following clause precede its subject. Examples: Only if his mother has given permission is Tom allowed to go the town centre. Only if she can listen to the radio beforehand, does her do homework.


However, most people wouldn't put "only if" in the beginning of a sentence whilst speaking, as it can be a bit awkward. The plain way of using "only if" would be: She does her homework only if she can listen to the radio beforehand, or, she only does her homework if she can listen to the radio beforehand (separating "only" and "if" but retaining the meaning)

Robbie Elden

Feel free to e-mail me with your questions! robintheelf@hotmail.com

Wednesday, August 22

Suffix - cur, cour (Advanced)

In my opinion, it is easier to learn vocabs together in a group. In English, you can do this by group words based on their suffix, prefix or meaning. The suffix cur/cour mean run or happening, it comes from the Latin word for run: cur. English word derived from it includes:

Current(n.)-movement of (sth) in a particular direction
Concur(v.)-to agree with someone or have the same opinion as someone else
Concurrent(n.)-happening or existing at the same time
Incur(v.)-to experience (sth) as a result of your actions; to pay for (sth)
Incursion(n.)-a sudden attack on or entry into a place
Recur(v.)-to happen many times or to happen again
Recurrent(adj.)-reoccurring
Cursory(adj.)-quick and probably not detailed
Intercourse(n.)-conversation and social activity between people
Recourse(n.)-using something or someone as a way of obtaining help

Robbie Elden

Tuesday, August 21

Song- Master of the House (Advanced)

I love musicals! And I would to share some of my favourite musicals with you, they are usually funny. Some of the English is quite colloquial (informal), and can be out-dated, therefore hard to understand. This clip is from the famous musical "Les Miserable"(The poor ones) adopted from Victor Hugo's book on the period of the French Revolution. The song here is about the "master of the house" who is not very genuine to his customers.


THENARDIER
Welcome, M'sieur (short for Monsieur; Sir)
Sit yourself down
And meet the best
Innkeeper in town
As for the rest,
All of 'em (them) crooks
(A person who earns by dishonest methods)
Rooking(cheat money from) their guests
And cooking the books (Idiom: to falsify
financial records, here in order to steal money).
Seldom(rarely) do you see
Honest men like me
A gent (gentlemen) of good intent
Who's content to be

Master of the house
Doling out (giving out) the charm
Ready with a handshake
And an open palm
Tells a saucy(rude but funny) tale
Makes a little stir(creates excitement)
Customers appreciate a bon-viveur
(French:good living, especially good food)
Glad to do a friend a favour
Doesn't cost me to be nice
But nothing gets you nothing
Everything has got a little price!

Master of the house
Keeper of the zoo
Ready to relieve(help) 'em
Of a sou(money) or two
Watering the wine
Making up(reducing) the weight
Pickin' up their knick-knacks
(a small decorative object)
When they can't see straight(clear)
Everybody loves a landlord
Everybody's bosom(close) friend
I do whatever pleases
Jesus! Won't I bleed(take lots of money from)
'em in the end!

THENARDIER & CHORUS
Master of the house
Quick to catch yer(your) eye
Never wants a passerby
To pass him by
Servant to the poor
Butler(head servant) to the great
Comforter, philosopher,
And lifelong mate!
Everybody's boon(close) companion
Everybody's chaperone
(someone who takes care of people)


Additional Information
I like this song because it is really humorous! If you want all of the lyrics, click here: you will have to pull down the page a bit.

Robbie Elden

Monday, August 20

Phrsal Verbs (Advanced)

I am going to bring in (introduce) three new characters into our blog, as my helpers! They are Coco, Mog, and Vivi .

I'm sorry I am late. The bus has been held back (delayed)because of road works.
It's OK, the tennis match has been call off (cancel)anyway.
What brought that about (happened)?
Because of the rain.
I don't understand why they can't just put off (postpone)the match.
Me either, should we go to a cafe and sit down for a drink instead?
I frown on (disapprove/disagree), cafes in this area are a rip off (over-priced/expensive)!
In that case, why don't we come to my house for a drink?

There are thousands of phrasal verbs, they are mainly informal, so remember not to use them in an essay!

Robbie Elden

Collocation with Absolutely (Advanced)

Absolutely can be used with the following words to add emphasis to the adjective:
Absurd (Crazy), Awful, Brilliant, Certain, Crucial (important), Essential, Excellent, Furious (very angry), Massive, Right, Splendid, Vital...
Examples:
You are absolutely right.
The work was absolutely brilliant.
It is absolutely crucial that you listen to me!

Other words indicating extent includes: Almost, exclusively, predominantly, primarily, completely, utterly...

Robbie the Elf

Saturday, August 18

Poem-Songs of Innocence and of Experience (Advanced)

I am going to feature a few poems each month, so that you can learn English not only from me, but from some of the greatest poets! Words in bold will be explained after the poem.

Songs of Innocence and of Experience
by William Blake

Introduction

Piping down the valleys wild,
Piping songs of pleasant glee,
On a cloud I saw a child,
And he laughing said to me:


"Pipe a song about a Lamb!"
So I piped with merry chear.
"Piper, pipe that song again;"
So I piped: he wept to hear.


"Drop thy pipe, thy happy pipe;
Sing thy songs of happy chear!"
So I sung the same again,
While he wept with joy to hear.


"Piper, sit thee down and write
In a book, that all may read."
So he vanish'd from my sight,

And I pluck'd a hollow reed,


And I made a rural pen,
And I stain'd the water clear,
And I wrote my happy songs
Every child may joy to hear.


Vocabulary:

Piping - to pipe is to play the musical instrument pipe, there are a few different kinds of pipe, such as bagpipe, or the ones shown in the picture.
glee - happiness, delight, joy.
chear - it is the old spelling for cheer, meaning gladness.
Piper is a person who plays a piper.

wept - past tense of weep, meaning to express emotions usually, grief or sorrow.
vanish'd (vanished) - to disappear.
pluck'd (plucked) - to pull off.
reed - here it means a stalk, a tall grass with hollow stems, made into a reed pen, see photos.
stain'd (stained) - to discolour, to dirty; here it is rhetorical because the water should be clearer than anything else, but Blake is saying the Piper makes the "water clean".

Additional Information:

This is quite a hard poem to understand even for Advanced learners, partly because poets usually uses imaginary languages to create vivid images. Their language are not really the "standard" English, nevertheless, Blake employs mainly plain and direct language, so it shouldn't be that difficult to comprehend


To pay the piper is an idiom which means to pay the consequence of something, usually a nasty outcome of one's action


Robbie the Elf

Countable and uncountable nouns Part 2 (Inter)

Here's a table of what modifier you can use with countable and uncountable nouns:


Countable nouns

Uncountable nouns

A few

A little

----------------------

A little bit of

A lot of

Lots of

Many

Much


Examples:

I have seen a few horses today.

There is little information in the guide about this building.

I had a little bit of sugar with my tea this morning.

I've only got a little bit of work left.


There are a lot of books in the library.

He drank lots of beer tonight.


Never use "a" or "an" before a uncountable noun, instead you use a count noun + of: A piece of information; A carton of milk; A bit of advice; An item of news; A loaf of bread; A tube of toothpaste; A jar of jam; A cup of coffee…


Some nouns can be either countable or uncountable depending on the way they're used (e.g. sport, life…)


Robbie the Elf

Friday, August 17

Countable and uncountable nouns (Intermediate)

Countable and uncountable nouns are also known as Count nouns and mass nouns.

Countable nouns can be either singular (one only) or plural (more than one).
As the name suggests, you can count them, for example:
There are ten cows in the field.
There is a bird on the tree.

You use "many" with Countable nouns,
there are many cows in the field.


Uncountable nouns are neither singular nor plural. You cannot count them: fun, work, grass... You cannot count fun, one fun ten fun

Uncountable nouns goes with a singular verb:
The work is repetitive.
The grass is green.
The water is clean.

You use "much" with Countable nouns,
I have so much work to do!

Some common uncountable nouns: money, butter, soap, music, litter, milk, sugar, water, bread, furniture, scenery, traffic, weather, literature, behavior, advice, information, travel, accommodation, litter, rubbish, oil, cake, ice cream...(post more by commenting on this post)

Robbie the Elf

P.S. For advanced learners, you might have realised that all abstract nouns are uncountable.

Thursday, August 16

Words of praise (Intermediate)

Don't feel you know a lot of words of praise? Here are a few alternatives:

He has excelled himself - This means he has done extremely well; he is better than he was before, or he is usually.

She goes from strength to strength -This means she has become better and better; she is continuing her high level of success.

It's wicked - "wicked", apart from meaning evil or bad, can also mean "great" in slang (informal English)

Just using words like good, excellent, or even superb can be monotonous (lacking in variety), therefore we should widen our vocabulary and use different words. Words with similar meanings are called synonyms. A thesaurus is a dictionary of synonyms. If you use Microsoft Word, there is a thesaurus installed with the programme, all you need to do is just press "Ctrl" and "F7" at the same time, and a synonym function will either pop out, or appear on the right hand side. It is very useful and varies your writing a bit, so that it is interesting to your readers. I hope this is not too boring to read, if you have any suggestions, please feel free to e-mail me: robintheelf@gmail.com

Robbie Elden (The Elf if you want to call me it)

Wednesday, August 15

First entry

Hi everyone, this is my first blog, and I am just trying out things. :)